The Ethics of Cloning Essay - 2111 Words

Imagine a world where everyone looked like you and was related to you as a sibling, cousin, or any form of relation, wouldn’t that be freaky? Although cloning is not an important issue presently, it could potentially replace sexual reproduction as our method of producing children. Cloning is a dangerous possibility because it could lead to an over-emphasis on the importance of the genotype, no guaranteed live births, and present risks to both the cloned child and surrogate mother. It also violates the biological parent-child relationship and can cause the destruction of the normal structure of a family. The cloning of the deceased is another problem with cloning because it displays the inability of the parents to accept the child’s†¦show more content†¦Reproductive cloning could essentially replace sexual reproduction and change the way of life for future generations. There are two main types of Reproductive Cloning, Blastomere Separation (Embryo Splitting) and cloning by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) technology (Cibelli et al. 478). â€Å"Blastomere separation is the making of multiple copies of a genome by separating or multiplying the individual cells of an early embryo (Cibelli et al. 478).† This process can make multiple identical genotypes possible. SCNT Technology is the use of a somatic (body) cell nucleus from an existing (or deceased) person to copy the genome of that individual (Cibelli et al. 478). There are two uses to this technology, the procreative uses and the deliberate replicative uses. People who cannot have a biologically related child any other way would use the procreative SCNT technology. It appeals to both gays and lesbians or just people who want to avoid transmitting a disease through sexual reproduction (Cibelli et al. 478). The purpose is to obtain a healthy child who is directly related to his/her parents, not to re-create a living genotype (Cibelli et al. 478). On theShow MoreRelatedThe Ethics Of Cloning894 Words   |  4 PagesPeriod 6 The ethics of cloning Early in 1997, Scottish scientist Dr. Ian Wilmot revealed to the world that he had successfully cloned an adult sheep, Dolly. With this invention, the world made a aggregate astonishment at the realization that cloning was no longer an aspect of a Science Fiction movie. Since then, human cloning has become one of the most expressing divergent topics in the world, discussions began regarding the ethic consequence of human cloning. In several recent opponentsRead MoreThe Ethics Of Human Cloning890 Words   |  4 Pages The ethics of cloning Early in 1997, Scottish scientist Dr. Ian Wilmot revealed to the world that he had successfully cloned an adult sheep, Dolly. With this invention, the world made a aggregate astonishment at the realization that cloning was no longer an aspect of a Science Fiction movie. Since then, human cloning has become one of the most expressing divergent topics in the world, discussions began regarding the ethic consequence of human cloning. In several recent opponents argue thatRead MoreThe Ethics Of Human Cloning918 Words   |  4 Pagesdebates about the ethics of in-vitro fertilization, preimplantation, stem cell research, demographic control, for example, by sterilization, genetic modification for health or physical enhancement, and human cloning. The idea of human cloning is most interesting because it is most mysterious and very complex. The topic of human cloning inclusively brings up issues also raised in the mentioned technologies. Human cloning is of two types: therapeutic and reproductive. Therapeutic cloning aims to produceRead MoreHuman Cloning Ethics1908 Words   |  8 PagesKant and Kass Tackle the Cloning Dilemma Although there are some important benefits to the use of human cloning, there are also moral challenges as well. The benefits include eradicating defective genes and infertility and a quicker recovery from traumatic injuries among other advantages. However, the disadvantages are truly thought provoking as first an individual must answer the question, â€Å"When does a human life begin?† This paper will oppose the use of human cloning on the basis that life beginsRead MoreThe Ethics Of Human Cloning Essay1927 Words   |  8 Pagesis created, and this act of reproductive cloning is regarded with controversy; is it morally permissible, or is it morally grotesque. There are certain elements to consider when debating the ethics of human cloning. Leon Kass in his article â€Å"The Wisdom of Repugnance† contends that reproductive cloning is morally corrupt, describing it as offensive, repulsive, and repugnant, believing these terms to be commonly associated with regards to human cloning. Kass goes forth with his arguments byRead MoreThe Ethics Of Human Cloning2096 Words   |  9 Pagesreproductive cloning. The very prospect of cloning was introduced in the early 1900s, but only recently has made a notable impact on society. It truly is a thing of science fiction; a concept that most of society is familiar with through books and movies, but is not contemplated with much seriousness. But following the numerous successes in the cloning of animals and food that have piqued the interest of the scientific community, debates about the possibility and the ethics of human cloning have beenRead MoreThe Ethics of Cloning Essays2173 Words   |  9 Pagescould be produced (Cloning Fact Sheet, 1). This process is called cloning, and essentially it takes from one’s own genetic makeup to produce an exact replica. These exact replicas, known as clones, can benefit our society in many different ways; however, these benefits are not without great controversy and concerns. Prop onents of cloning suggest that through cloning, humans can experience a greater quality of life with fewer health concerns including hunger and reproduction. Cloning consist of threeRead MoreThe Ethics of Human Cloning Essay1294 Words   |  6 PagesHuman cloning is separated into two major categories; reproductive cloning, which uses cloning technology to create a human embryo that will produce an entire human, and therapeutic, which adopt cloning into field of medical practices to find a cure for many diseases (Kass). Reproductive cloning requires a somatic cell, a DNA-less egg, and a surrogate mother; as a result, it creates a new individual with the same genome, or genetic coding. The idea originated in Germany in 1938, but the first successfulRead MoreThe Ethics of Cloning Essay example1453 Words   |  6 PagesThe Ethics of Cloning On February 27, 1997, it was reported that scientists produced the first clone of an adult sheep, attracting international attention and raising questions on the morality of cloning. Within days, the public had called for ethics inquires and new laws banning cloning. Issues are now raised over the potentially destructive side of this scientific frontier. Many people are morally opposed to the possible consequences of women being able to give birth to themselves, or scientistsRead MoreThe Ethics of Cloning Essay1504 Words   |  7 PagesAccording to Richard Dawkins â€Å"Cloning may be good and it may be bad. Probably its a bit of both. The question must not be greeted with reflex hysteria but decided quietly, soberly and on its own merits. We need less emotion and more thought† (Dawkins, 2011). Cloning is a general term used to describe the replication of biological material (Cloning Fact Sheet, 2009). Throughout this paper the reasoning behind why cloning is an accept able and potentially life changing science will be examined

Analysis Of Dulce Et Decorum Est By Wilfred Owen

Dulce Et Decorum Est This poem is a reflection of the nightmarish experience that Wilfred Owen had encountered during his experiences fighting in France during WW1. This poem deals with both sadness and loss. The actual form of this poem consists of a rhyme scheme that goes ABAB CDCD EFEF. The meter of the poem consists of five beats that contain a short, unstressed syllable followed along by a longer, stressed syllable. Therefore, the meter of this poem is an iambic pentameter. EX: Knock kneed | cough ing | like hags | we cursed | through sludge (line 2) The speaker of this poem is the author Wilfred Owen, a veteran of WW1 who has been scarred, falling victim to the traumatizing images that war can bring, along with the nightmarish†¦show more content†¦This, in turn allows the horrific images that he uses and metaphoric relations to stand out. In the second verse, the rhythm quickly begins to accelerate and speed up as the situation changes, giving a more frantic feel, as if there is no time to dawdle, a common feel during a crisis of war. The images from this stanza are indications that the tempo of the poem is rapid, as if someone had set a metronome to a much faster pace. One instance of this is when Owen recites, â€Å"Gas! Gas! Quick, boys† – an ecstasy of fumbling† and â€Å"As under a green sea, I saw him drowning†. The third verse, the longest of the three unveils the pinnacle of what every soldier during time of war is thinking, and Owen digs into deep detail with attempting to portray thi s in his poem. In order to portray the function of the poem, he uses phrases such as: â€Å"If in some smothering dreams, you too could pace. Behind the wagon that we fling him in.† in order to describe the anger in his voice. One common theme in this verse is the recurrence of a line with â€Å"if you could†. I took this as if he is saying that war is great, but look at the toll it takes to the soldiers. Here, he is hinting at the gruesome images that soldiers encounter. This verse greatly emphasises theShow MoreRelatedAnalysis of Dulce et Decorum Est by Wilfred Owen Essay485 Words   |  2 PagesAnalysis of Dulce et Decorum Est by Wilfred Owen In the poem, Dulce et Decorum Est written by Wilfred Owen, the speaker appears to be a soldier in the army, warning young people eager for war, â€Å"children ardent for some desperate glory,† that war is not what it seems. The soldier explains to the reader through first hand experience that fighting for one’s country is not as glorious a task as it may appear to be. One shouldn’t believe the lie that is told about how itRead MoreEssay on Analysis of Dulce Et Decorum Est by Wilfred Owen795 Words   |  4 PagesAnalysis of Dulce Et Decorum Est by Wilfred Owen The First World War saw the introduction of many new warfare technologies across its theatres due to industrial competition between rival nations. One of the most feared weapons amongst soldiers on both sides was gas. The usage of chlorine, phosgene and mustard gas caused the death of thousands of men by suffocation. Wilfred Owens poem Dulce Et Decorum Est gives a detailed description of a soldier dying from a gas attackRead MoreAnalysis Of Wilfred Owen s Poem Dulce Et Decorum Est1692 Words   |  7 Pagesare now studying Protest and Resistance poetry. The protest poem ‘Dulce et Decorum Est’, written by Wilfred Owen, challenges the dominant World War One ideologies of militarism and nationalism. You will find that this poem is a great example as it defies the dominant values and beliefs of war in Britain. Wilfred Owen Let’s discuss the poet. Wilfred Owen was one of the leading voices of the first world war. In January 1917, Owen was deployed but he was innocent to the realism of war. In April,Read MoreAnalysis Of Dulce Et Decorum Est By Wilfred Owen736 Words   |  3 PagesDulce et Decorum Est, a poem by Wilfred Owen, explores the numerous horrors and cruel difficulties of WWI. It is a painful, emotional and blunt depiction of the horrible conditions and distressing experiences which had a permanent effect on the soldiers. â€Å" Dulce et Decorum est† is short for the Latin saying â€Å" Dulce est Decorum est Pro Patria Mori† which translates to, â€Å" It is sweet and honorable to die for your country.†. Owen seeks to persuade the reader that it is far from honorable to die forRead MoreAnalysis Of Wilfred Owen s Dulce Et Decorum Est938 Words   |  4 Pagessocial aspects thanks to many of the war poets during that time period. Wilfred Owen is known to be one of the most famous war poets during the twentieth century especially during the First World War when he wrote â€Å"Dulce et Decor um Est†. His poem details the horrors these soldiers faced in the trenches during World War 1 and conveys the hidden meaning that â€Å"it is sweet and honorable† to die for one’s country is untrue. Owen is able to deliver his message and express his ideas against this cruel warRead MoreAnalysis Of Wilfred Owen s Dulce Et Decorum Est994 Words   |  4 Pageswill continue to haunt them. The memories of killing, friends being killed, almosts, etc. War contains many horrors like these. The saying, â€Å"Dulce et decorum est pro patria mori,† was once believed; it means that it is sweet and fitting to die for one’s country. Because Wilfred Owen knew the horrors, he opposes this saying in his poem â€Å"Dulce Et Decorum Est.† The narrator provides vivid images of his experience in WWI which includes both the exhaustion the soldiers endured while walking to their nextRead MoreAnalysis Of Wilfred Owen s `` Dulce Et Decorum Est ``1256 Words   |  6 PagesWilfred Owen is remembered as one of the greatest poets to capture the war in words. His work was described as â€Å"the finest written by any English poet of the first War and probably the greatest poems about war in our literature† (Lewis 11) despite him only having had 4 poems published in his lifetime, though he did write many more. His poems truly did capture the terror and harsh truth of the hardships the soldiers faced in the trenches everyday during World War I, evident in â€Å"Du lce Et Decorum Est†Read MoreAnalysis Of Wilfred Owen s Dulce Et Decorum Est1015 Words   |  5 PagesWilfred Owen was born in Oswestry, England, on March 18, 1893. He became widely recognized as a British poet for his experience and impressions upon World War I. He was the eldest out of the four in his family. His father worked on the railway, and his mother was strict in her religious beliefs, yet still had affection for her children. At Owen’s christian household, they practiced biblical themes and teachings. They seem to be a very close-knit family and protect each other. He also utilized ChristianRead MorePoem Analysis : Dulce Et Decorum Est Written By Wilfred Owen1507 Words   |  7 Pagesof hell and opens a vein that bleeds a nation to death.† World War one has affected each and every one of us. Death did not only affect the afflicted with it, but also the ones surrounded by it. This is clearly shown in the poem Dulce ET Decorum EST written by Wilfred O wen. The author has portrayed this idea through the clever use of several language techniques with the main ones being metaphors, similes and onomatopoeia which will be covered throughout the rest of the essay. Through the use of theseRead MoreAnalysis Of Wilfred Owen s Anthem For Doomed Youth And Dulce Et Decorum Est1224 Words   |  5 Pagesa time afterwards. Wilfred Owen was a poet who became well renowned after World War I where he unfortunately died in battle. Anthem for Doomed Youth (Anthem) and Dulce Et Decorum Est (Dulce) by Wilfred Owen both portray various themes including horrors of war, the futility of war and the pity and sadness of war. War is full of horrendous acts that every side of war commits, even if it is for their own reasons which to them seem honourable, but Owen tells a different story. Dulce depicts the many terrors

Life of Pi Response Free Essays

Life of Pi: Reading Response When I began reading ‘Life of Pi’ by Yann Martel I had little expectation it would peak my interest. I expected it to be a boring school assignment that I would have to get through, process the information and put on paper. To my relief, this book was completely the opposite. We will write a custom essay sample on Life of Pi Response or any similar topic only for you Order Now I must admit, the beginning chapters were quite dry. I would have never chosen in the beginning of a book to mention a sloth, probably the most uninteresting mammal ever. Slowly, the book progresses to where it gives you a little background information on Piscine Patel and his life in India. In part one, I really liked where Mamaji taught Piscine to swim. Looking back it proved to be a very important for Pi’s survival I dislike stories where the hero’s journey is clearly defined anda once weak man overcomes unrealistic circumstances to become a stronger man. That was not the case in this book. I like the realness of the book, especially in the case of Richard Parker. He wasn’t personified in any way really. He was what I think a natural tiger would be given the conditions. What I really enjoyed about this book was the deep thinking it evoked. The author allowed you to come to your own conclusion as to whether the story with the animals or the story with the people was true. Normal logic and reasoning tells you that the story with the people would be right, because the chance of the story with the animals happening is hard to believe. Both stories have the same circumstances and follow the same events. The zebra represents the sailor, the hyena is the cook, the orangutan is the mother and Richard Parker is Pi, but I believe the story with the humans is the true story. I think that the story with the animals was Pi’s way of coping with the reality that his mother was murdered and that he murdered someone as well. I believe the choice that the members of the Ministry of Transport had to make about the stories is a metaphor for religion. Science and many religions all have an explanation for certain events and some seem farfetched, yet they could all be possible. In the end, it’s all up to what you believe, and the way you interpret it. How to cite Life of Pi Response, Essays

Principles of Personal Development and Reflective Practice Essay Sample free essay sample

What is brooding pattern? Brooding pattern enables you to develop your accomplishments. increase your cognition and trade with emotionally disputing state of affairss. Developing your reflective pattern early on will pay dividends on everything you undertake every bit good as constructing a strong foundation for a successful calling. What you did – How you did it – Why you did it – How you felt – What went good – What you would make otherwise. The Oxford lexicon defines the significance of reflect as â€Å"to think carefully and deeply about something† . Contemplation is the personal scrutiny of your ain ideas and actions. it is about believing things over. Reflection is an of import human activity in which people recapture their experience. think about it. mull over and measure it. When working in an grownup attention puting this means being witting about how you interact with co-workers. your clients and the environment. It means believing about how you could hold done something otherwise. We will write a custom essay sample on Principles of Personal Development and Reflective Practice Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page what you did good. what you could hold done better. how could you better what you did. It besides means reflecting on your ain values. beliefs and experiences which shape your ideas and thoughts. I am responsible for supplying an equal. non prejudiced and inclusive service to all persons no affair what a person’s personal beliefs and values may be. Brooding pattern is researching why and how you pattern. believing back over a state of affairs or activity and so developing a different attack to derive insight into a new manner of acquisition. Why is brooding pattern of import? It is of import to reflect on work activities so that you are able to develop on your ain cognition and accomplishments. Thinking things through and reflecting on a twenty-four hours at work will assist you to pick up on things that you may be able to better upon in future. You can besides larn from any mistakes that you may hold made. Sometimes when you remove yourself from a state of affairs and reflect on it. you are able to happen spreads and room for betterment in readying for following clip. You are sometimes able to analyze state of affairss better afterwards than you are in the minute and when you look back on things. more frequently than non you will believe â€Å"I wish I had said/done that at the time† . By reflecting on work state of affairss. you are able to cover with any negative feelings or anxiousnesss to make with work. By covering with these defeats instead than forcing them to the dorsum of your head. you will be able to hold a more positive attitude at work. Developing brooding pattern involve inquiring yourself what worked. what didn’t and what you would alter for a better result in a peculiar state of affairs. By efficaciously measuring your ain and other’s pattern. you will derive new accomplishments and cognition. Turning contemplation into a wont takes pattern. but one time mastered it will give you greater assurance in all your opinions. How brooding pattern contributes to bettering the quality of service proviso. You can utilize brooding practise to better the quality of the service you provide by believing about a undertaking you antecedently done and inquiring yourself: * What could hold been done better* How will I make that task following clip How criterions can be used to assist a societal attention worker reflect on their pattern. Standards are guidelines to follow when executing any tasks/actions. These criterions are at that place to guarantee the task/action is completed to the needed criterion. If you are non run intoing the needed criterions so you will cognize when reflecting on the undertaking. that your manner of working has to be improved to run into the demands. Standards may include: * Code of pattern* Regulations* Essential criterions* National Occupational criterions Standards inform brooding pattern by: * Informing own acquisition* Helping you to believe about professional answerability* Enabling professional development* Supplying a manner of placing what is required for good pattern Own value. belief systems and experiences may impact working pattern by: * Preventing struggle with others* Fostering apprehension of others’ position and positions * Bettering communicating with others* Favouring those who portion your values. belief systems and experiences * Not esteeming others who do non portion your values. belief systems and experiences Undertaking 1 Number 2 Notes: a ) It’s of import to have feedback on your public presentation as a societal attention worker as this tells you what you do good and what things you could better on. B ) Different people react otherwise to constructive feedback depending on the manner it is said and the person. A individual may respond in a negative manner and take discourtesy because they believe they are making their best. A individual may respond positively and thank the person for stating them what can be improved and so they know what they can make in the hereafter. Some people may look for reassurance and some could be defensive. Some may show anxiousness from what is being said. degree Celsius ) It’s of import to take in feedback from others as it ensures your pattern meets a clients needs. it shows regard for the positions of others. it shows you have listened to the positions of others. it enables you to appy the penetration you have gained and enables you to develop new attacks and ways of th ought. Undertaking 2 Template for a PDP Name ( Reviewee ) : Workplace: Reviewer: Long term ends ( 1-5 old ages ) * how will these be achieved?* activities I will set about ( including professional development/training ) Average term ends ( 6-12 months ) * how will these be achieved?* activites I will set about ( including professional development/training ) Short term ends ( following 6 months ) * how will these be achieved?* activities I will set about ( including professional development/training ) Areas of strength * What is done good Areas of failing * What is non done good Reviewer remarks: * Remarks on how the reviewer positions the reviewees advancement for the twelvemonth Reviewee remarks: * Remarks on how the reviewee views their ain advancement for the twelvemonth Performance evaluations for the twelvemonth * Improvement required* Achieved outlooks* Exceptional public presentation

Social Identity free essay sample

Social Identity From Encyclopedia of Women and Gender: Sex Similarities and Differences and the Impact of Society on Gender I. Conceptions and Definitions II. Types of Social Identity III. Multiplicity and Intersectionality IV. Aspects of Social Identity V. Assessing Social Identity VI. Development and Change VII. Negotiating Social Identities Glossary Intersectionality The condition in which a person simultaneously belongs to two or more social categories or social statuses and the unique consequences that result from that combination. Minimal group paradigm An experimental procedure for creating social identity conditions in which participants are arbitrarily assigned to one group or another. Social representations Commonly shared and collectively elaborated beliefs about social reality held by members of a culture or subculture. Stereotypes Organized, consensual beliefs and opinions about specific categories or groups of people. SOCIAL IDENTIFICATION is the process by which we define ourselves in terms and categories that we share with other people. We will write a custom essay sample on Social Identity or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In contrast to characterizations of personal identity, which may be highly idiosyncratic, social identities assume some commonalities with others. This chapter introduces several key issues surrounding social identity, including form and content, assessment, development and change, and identity negotiation. I. Conceptions and Definitions â€Å"Identity† is a term that is widely used and, as a consequence, can mean many different things to different people. Identity is sometimes used to refer to a sense of integration of the self, in which different aspects come together in a unified whole. This intrapsychic emphasis is often associated with Erik Erikson, who introduced the term â€Å"identity crisis† as part of his stage model of psychological development. Another common use of the term, particularly in contemporary times, is identity politics, where the reference is typically to different political positions that are staked out by members of ethnic and nationality groups. In this article, the term â€Å"social identity† refers specifically to those aspects of a person that are defined in terms of his or her group memberships. Although most people are members of many different groups, only some of those groups are meaningful in terms of how we define ourselves. In these cases, our self-definition is shared with other people who also claim that categorical membership, for example, as a woman, as a Muslim, as a marathon runner, or as a Democrat. To share a social identity with others does not necessarily mean that we know or interact with every other member of the designated category. It does mean, however, that we believe that we share numerous features with other members of the category and that, to some degree, events that are relevant to the group as a whole also have significance for the individual member. As an example, a person who defines herself as a feminist is more likely to be aware of legislation regulating abortion, more likely to have read books by Betty Friedan or bell hooks, and more likely to be aware of salary discrepancies between women and men than is a person who does not identify as a feminist. II. Types of Social Identity Many forms of social identity exist, reflecting the many ways in which people connect to other groups and social categories. In our own work, we have pointed to five distinct types of social identification: ethnic and religious identities, political identities, vocations and avocations, personal relationships, and stigmatized groups (see Table I). Each of these types of social identification has some unique characteristics that make it somewhat different from another type. Relationship identities, in particular, have some special features. To be a mother, for example, can imply a sense of shared experience with other people who are mothers. Sometimes particular aspects of these experiences can be defined even more finely, as in Mothers Against Drunk Drivers (MADD). At the same time, the identity of mother implies a specific role relationship with another person, a relationship that is unique and grounded in ones own personal experience with that other person. Other social identities can be defined more generally, tied not to any individual but to a generic group. Thus to identify as a doctor, for example, implies a shared definition with countless others, many of whom you may not know anything in particular about. Another defining characteristic of occupational identities is that they are chosen by the person (what is sometimes called an achieved status). In contrast, social identities such as ethnicity or gender are ascribed categories, given to one at birth. Social identities also differ in the status or value that is attached to them. In Table I, for example, the stigmatized identities stand apart from the other types of social identity, all of which are typically regarded more positively. In the original study that defined the categories presented in Table I, gender was clustered together with other relationship identities in the final statistical solution. Certainly it is true that many relationships are gendered in their definition and implications (as are many occupations as well). However, because of the importance and centrality of gender in our lives, it is often considered as a category in itself. Similarly, sexual orientation can be classified as one form of a relationship identity, but it often has greater prominence than other relationship identities. To understand more about the nature of social identity, let us consider three identities in more detail: gender, ethnicity and nationality, and sexual orientation. Table I Types of Social Identity

The History of Scissors

The History of Scissors Leonardo da  Vinci has often been credited with inventing scissors, but they predate his lifetime by many centuries. Nowadays, it’s hard to find a household these days that doesn’t have at least one pair. Ancient Scissors The ancient Egyptians used a version of scissors as long ago as 1500 B.C. They were a single piece of metal, typically bronze, fashioned into two blades that were controlled by a metal strip. The strip kept the blades apart until they were squeezed. Each blade was a scissor. Collectively, the blades were scissors, or so rumor has it. Through trade and adventure, the device eventually spread beyond Egypt to other parts of the world. The Romans adapted the Egyptians  design in 100 A.D., creating pivoted or cross-blade scissors that were more in line with what we have today. The Romans also used bronze, but they sometimes made their scissors from iron as well. Roman scissors had two blades that slid past each other. The pivot was situated between the tip and the handles to create a cutting effect between the two blades when they were applied to various properties.  Both Egyptian and Roman versions of scissors had to be sharpened regularly. Scissors Enter the 18th Century Although the actual inventor of scissors is hard to identify, Robert Hinchliffe, of Sheffield, England, should be rightfully acknowledged as the father of modern scissors. He was the first to use steel to manufacture and mass-produce them in 1761 more than 200 years after da  Vinci’s death. Pinking shears  were first invented and patented in 1893 by Louise Austin of Whatcom of Washington to facilitate pinking and scalloping and as a marked improvement over ordinary pinking irons and tools.† Here are some mentions of scissors in print publications over the years, as well as a bit of folklore. From Emar, Capital of Astata, in the 14th  Century BCE By Jean-Claude Margueron Besides ceramics, occasionally collected in large quantities, the houses produced stone and metallic objects illustrating both day-to-day needs and the activities of city merchants: beer filters,  containers, arrow and javelin heads, scales of armor, needles and  scissors,  long nails,  bronze scrapers, millstones, mortars, many kinds of grindstones, pestles, various tools and stone rings. From  The Story of Scissors  by J. Wiss Sons, 1948 Egyptian bronze shears of the Third Century B.C., a unique object of art.  Showing Greek influence although with decoration characteristic of Nile culture, the shears are illustrative of the high degree of craftsmanship which developed in the period following Alexanders conquest of Egypt.  Decorative male and female figures, which complement each other on each blade, are formed by solid pieces of metal of a different color inlaid in the bronze shears.Sir Flinders Petrie ascribes the development of cross-bladed shears to the First Century. In the Fifth Century, the scribe Isidore of Seville  describes cross-bladed shears or scissors with a center pivot as tools of the barber and tailor. Folklore and Superstition More than one expectant mother has placed a pair of scissors beneath her pillow at night somewhere toward the end of her ninth month of pregnancy. Superstition says that this will â€Å"cut the cord† with her baby and prompt labor. And heres another tall tale: Don’t hand those scissors to your best friend. Place them on any available surface and let your friend pick them up. Otherwise, you risk severing your relationship. Some say that those scissors languishing in your catch-it-all drawer can help keep evil spirits out of your home. Hang them by one handle near your door so they form a version of a cross.

Marketing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Marketing - Assignment Example The next format is EPUB which was developed by the â€Å"International Digital Publishing Forum† and is a variant of XML, ZIP and HTML format. Finally is the broadband eBooks which uses the .lrf file extension and are accessed by Sony corporation readers (Jaebi, â€Å"Types of Ebooks†). Ebooks can be regarded as an experience derived by the reader. After several years of development and expectation, eBooks have begun to strengthen its place and formed a central part of information experience for the readers. Most of the users are aware of the eBook concept and said that they are useful and would incorporate eBooks into information experience (White Paper 2). Description of New Product Service industry is making use of new product development to the most and is trying to provide quality service with the new form of products to its customers. For example in the hotel industry most of the hotels have been introducing new products in the form of classier, elegant rooms, sui ts to fit the needs and wants of the customers. In addition most of the hotels have developed their own applications which are made available to iphones and other phones to keep the customer updated about any new offers, schemes and other related items in the hotel. This way the hotels are able to create an experience for the customers and customers seems to stay loyal with the hotels. The airline industry The airline industry uses the pricing strategy as a competitive tool and tends to increase and decrease the price which tends to affect the consumers perception on air travel. While there are consumers who are completely insensitive towards price but other set of consumers pay attention towards change in price and it affect their assessment on travel experience. With dynamic price level as well as structure is decided by the airlines the notion of price perception should be taken as one of the important tool in order to influence the consumer’s perception of booking and pur chasing of tickets. Consumers who are highly exposed to fluctuating price tend to become less sensitive towards change in price. Thus it can be concluded that frequent change in price by airline affect the sensitive consumers of the travel experience on an airline as compared to consumers who are insensitive towards price change. Progressive Group Progressive Group has grown over the years and has become the third largest auto insurance group and has achieved competitive advantage through innovation mainly in its channel of distribution. Progressive has adopted a direct model of distribution channel and directly distributes to the consumers without any intermediaries. The direct channel also helped the insurance company to reduce the cost which is paid to the agents. Thus catering directly to the customer segment has helped it to achieve a competitive advantage and introduce innovate product for the consumers auto vehicles. IMC IMC is a process of communication that entails the crea tion, planning, integration and also implementation of various forms of communication such as promotion, advertisement, publicity, events and others (Shimp 10). IMC is being used by almost every organization and it forms an integral part of promotions and communication. Brands such as Coca Cola, Pepsi, P&G, Yum Brands, BMW, Dell Computers, Intel and other brands have made extensive use of IMC. The use of IMC has proved to be effective for all the brands in communicating the message for

Microeconomics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 9

Microeconomics - Essay Example by Geoff Colvin discusses the state of affairs of the US economy and how globalization is affecting it. This essay summarizes the findings of the article as well as providing a critical analysis of the potential recession in the United Stats. One of the major factors that has spin a downturn for the US is the weakening of the housing market which caused consumers to diminish their overall spending. The house boom of the last decade was partly created to the ability of the American citizens to obtain very cheap financing which allowed the people to gain equity and have confidence to continue to spend. The money was readily available for financing purposes because a large number of nation internationally were saving a lot of money and plenty of dollars that came from international trade, while the American citizen was spending money madly. The typical American citizen six to eight years ago had a debt to equity ratio of one to one, now this number has shifted to ratio of close to 1 to 0.72 to implying that the persona debt is much higher the equity. When people’s credit is capped out no more money can come in to economy in the form of loans since the citizens do not qualify for additional credit. Another major factor in which the international community is affecting the US economy is in the job market. Many multinational firms are staying away from the United States as a potential investment location due the higher cost of labor in the United States. There are new emerging economies competing for the new jobs of the knowledge economy of our century that provide competitive advantages to the US labor costs. One of these economies is the India who has the second highest population in the world. India is using an economic model based on exporting services for the lucrative IT industry. The Chinese economy has become the dominant manufacturing based economy in the world which hopes that the United States does not fall into a recession since

Apple Computer, Incorporated Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Apple Computer, Incorporated - Essay Example Apple's main objective is to become the market leader by capturing a large share of the computing industry. Apple also apparently wanted to dominate the computing industry in terms of innovation. These objectives are backed with definite strategies which ushered Apple in its place in the global market. Apple's strategy is built on its core competence of developing technologically advance and innovative products. It should be noted that Apple is one of the major players in leading the evolution of personal computing since its establishment. During 1977, it can be recalled that the firm introduced the Apple II microcomputer which strongly captured home users. In 1983, Apple came up with another revolution-the Lisa which is the "first commercial computer to employ graphical interface." In 1984, Apple introduced another revolution-the Macintosh which is now known as Mac. Mac became the leader in employing user friendly graphical interface. Apple also succeeded in pioneering the use of the mouse in personal computers. The Mac marked a major success for Apple as it became a major influence in the development of graphical interfaces in other companies. ... In 1991, Apple launched its PowerBook line of portable computers "establishing the modern ergonomic form and design that has since become ubiquitous in the portable market" (Apple 1) The previous years further witnessed Apple's commitment to its innovation strategy as it expanded its focus by including professional and prosumer video, music and photoproduction solutions. Right now, Apple is also considered as a leading force in music space. Apple does not just bring innovative products to the market. The company also focused on bringing products which can better serve its customers. The saga of the innovations spearheaded by Apple recounts how the company invented more user friendly computing equipments. Thus, Apple also focuses on satisfying customer need by introducing new product features which makes computing easier. Because Apple's products are usually represents and features state of the art technology, they are positioned to attract technology savvy customers who can afford their quality. Apple strategically target customers backed by high purchasing power. Apple focuses on capturing customers in the middle and high end markets. Also, one of the most notable strategies employed by Apple is called "backwards marketing strategy." It should be noted that the company is charging its software a very low price. In fact, Apple almost gives away its software. However, this tactic is to get buyers purchase the higher priced hardware (Seward 1). Company Strengths Apple gained its name as one of the largest manufacturer and distributor of computing equipments and software. The company was able to gain this position through its competitive advantage. Apple has strong brand equity, recognized for its

Definition: Eco Tourism And Mass Tourism

Definition: Eco Tourism And Mass Tourism Eco-Tourism is a combination of two words Ecosystem and Tourism, together it is made Eco-tourism. Ecosystem is the system where everybody live, this system is compuse by the water, earth, sky and the living and not living objects such as micro-organism communities, plant, animal and their non living environment acting as a functional unit. Some examples to refer of ecosystem may be the river, the ocean, the jungle, a forest or a biome. And tourism means, the practice of travelling for pleasure. Therefore, a tourism which implicates a visit to an Ecosystem is well known as Eco-tourism. Thus, Eco-tourism can be defined as Tourism involving travel to areas of natural or ecological interest, mostly of the time under the guidance of a naturalist, having by objective learning about the environment making focus on wildlife awareness and conservation of the environment. However, Ecotourism still a new topic nowadays, the most acceptance definition is by Ceballos-Lascurain, who is generally a ccepted as the first person to define ecotourism Tourism that involves travelling to relatively undisturbed or uncontaminated areas with the specific objective of studying, admiring, and enjoying the scenery and its wild plants and animals, as well as any existing cultural manifestations found in these areas (Ceballos-Lascurain, 1991, P. 25). In addition, Ecotourism is a sustainable form of natural resources-based tourism that focuses primarily on experiencing and learning about nature, and which is ethically managed to be low-impact, non-consumptive, and locally oriented (control, benefits and scale). It typically occurs in natural areas, and should contribute to the conservation of such areas (Fennell, 1999, p 43). Fennell identified 13 main principles of ecotourism: interest in nature contributes to conservation reliance on parks and protected areas benefits local people long tern benefits Education and studies Low impact / non -consumptive ethics / responsibility management sustainable enjoyment and appreciation culture adventure and small scale In today world it is very easy to confuse Eco-tourism with mass tourism, but mass tourism is related to the number of people that visit a destination and most of the time those big groups are not eco-tourism because their only reason to visit those natural destinations is just for pleasure. They do not plan vacations to learn about the environment, know the culture of the destination and the most of the time they just expend the entire stayed in five start resort enjoying its facilities and they do not even has contact with any single natural attraction that the visit destination offer. 1.2 Importance of sustainable tourism Sustainable tourism has become essential for the tourism industy due to it is closely related to eco-tourism. Eco tourism is considered as the tourism development which try to capture a portion of tourism market that is attracted to natural beauties by providing low impact tourism products. Sustainable tourism would provide direct benefits to the local people. The private sector would assure least impact on the environment. Tourism projects will be initiated considering the size and scope of the land character with limited resorts located close to existing infrastructure offering economic benefits to local communities. It also includes development of preferential tourism zones committed to sustainable development and carrying out specific practices (Rauschelbach et al, 2002, pp: 229). 1.3 Benefits of Eco-Tourism practice The importance of the Eco-tourism and the benefits that this activity provides is indispensable for the sustainability of the natural destination. Eco-tourism is the only kind of tourism that provides awareness to the visitors as well the local population involving then in activities to preserve the destination, understanding the environmental issues and explain the consequences before they take place. Eco-tourism trainee the local populations in order to visualize the visitors as an alternative of income that will contribute to the destination survive. With significant economic benefits the local population needs to see their natural area as a source of income, conserving their local destination avoiding activities like cutting down all their rainforests that just contribute to the global warning. Tourism is the world ´s largest industry; in 1950 the number of tourist went from 25 million up to 702 million in 2000. Acoording to the World Tourism Organization for this 2010 the tourism growth rate will reach 1 billion and 1.6 billion in 2020. With the growth of science and technology, abundance in economy and revolutionary changes that have happened in the field of transportation have contributed largely to the development of the tourist trade all over the world. In todays world an individual can have breakfast in London, lunch in New York and dinner in Tokyo (Cooper and Hall, 2008, pp: 377). 2.0 Main body 2.1 Presentation of Cabo San Lucas as Eco-Tourism destination Cabo San Lucas has become an important vacation and spa destination located at the tip of the Baja peninsula in Baja California Sur, Mexico. This destination is well known for its natural attractions such as the sea of Cortez where the tourist can enjoy of several activities like whale watching, snorkel, kayak, scuba diving, parasailing, tours to the arch, and banana boat. The colorful desert with unique plant life is a natural curiosity in los Cabos, where hiking, ATV and horseback trip explore the area. The sea of Cortez is nationally and internationally recognized as ecosystem of significant biological, social and economic value. The Mexican government, who recognized the importance of the island, establishes then as natural protects area in 1978, under the category of flora and fauna protection area. Internationally the island is known as biosphere reserve by the UNESCO. Because of the beauty and natural of the destination and surrounding marine areas, visitors have the possibili ty to learn from this ecosystem. 2.2 Cabo San Lucas emerging issues For Cabo San Lucas still been a challenge the duty of educated local people and tourism to preserve the destination. One of the biggest obstacles to develop eco-tourism in Cabo San Lucas is the number of interest from the public and private serctor, especially in this destination that contain a vast American influence. For example, for some Tour Operators is very easy to pretend that they are bringing to the destination Eco-tourism but behind this, is just mass tourism. At this stage the destination is facing several emerging issues such as: The overfishing hurting of hundreds species including the Marlin and Tuna. The local population kill its flora and fauna to made local souvenir which are comercialize with the tourism. The local population is relative poor and is lack in knowledge and education, therefore they do not contribute to the conservation of the destination, as a method of income they operate tours in the Cortezs sea (using pangas, local wood boats), without respect the navigation rules such as the distance that they have to take in a while watching tour as well as the proximity to the sea lion colony. International investment in construction like Riu Hotels (Spanish company) which in 2007 built the Riu Sta. Fe with 1100 rooms and still operate as normal avoiding the FONATURs regulation rules ( National Fund for Tourism Development) . To clarify this example, in Cabo San Lucas is allowed hotels construction up to 900 rooms mention by FONATUR. Due to airline incresing price most of the tourist are opting to visit the destination by cruiseship which contribute to the massive desturbe of the fauna and pollution of the water. The mass tourism is overcrowding the destination through overbooking the accomodation and service facilities creating chaos in public areas such as bus transportation, beaches, parks and hospitals. The destination waste disposal is increasing due to the mass tourism. 2.3 Eco-Tourism strategies implement by Cabo San Lucas At this stage, the SEMARNAT (Secretary of Environment and Natural Resources) together with the CONANP (National Commission of Natural Protected) are implementing in the destination two eco-tourism strategies: A code of ethics for visitors and tourism operators, that have been implemented to complement the legal requirements in the destination having by objective the reduction of the emergencies issues mention before. This code of ethics is basically focus on tourism operators behaviors forcing them to: maintain the natural integrity of the places visit; respect the livehoods and culture of the local people. make a solid effort to be less wasteful with the natural resource. ensure waste disposal has not environmental impact. develop a recycling programs; support different companies in the hospitality and tourism industry that work under environmental policies. increase the network with other tours company in special those in the local area to keep aware of new conservation programs, environmental policies and eco-friendly techniques. get the appropriate education and training on Eco-tourism and low impact techniques such as respectful for the environment and local culture. support local economy but do not buy goods made from threatened or endangered species such as turtles; never disturb the wildlife and wildlife habitats. follow by the book the rules and regulations in protect areas; advertise truthfully and inform to the tourist about the natural and local history providing them useful materials. make sure that the clients that are coming are aware of the regulations, norms and code of ethic applicable in the visit destination and develop an environmental education program with the local communities. A guide for environmental tourism practice that refers to how the destination regularized activities related to bird watching, sea lions, diving and snorkeling, recreational booting etiquette, whales and dolphins, turtles and sport fishing. Some of those environmental tourism practices are summarizing here: obtaining permission from SEMART through the direction of flora and fauna protection area Islands of the Gulf of California before visit the island. forgibbean feed native animals. camp only on designated area. use only biodegradable products. is highly recommend visit the exotic fauna colonies with guide. watch the fauna from distance avoiding disturb or stress them. never attempt to touch the fauna, the boat have to be 90 feet away from the rocks and islets. avoid making loud noises and using strong lights near the colonies. it is forbidden by law to damage or remove coral or other marine organisms as well collect natural souvenirs like coral, shells, etc. do not interfere with the natural movements of the fauna. before fish make sure to have the permit through the local SAGARA office that provides information on official bag/size/ tackle limits, protected species and seasonal closures. As example of this successful Eco-tourism strategies, Olympus Tours one of the biggest tour operators from USA which is bringing to the destination more than 33.000 tourist year over year yearly, is totally agree with the procedures mentioned before and as prove of this in carryon the following iniciatives: Increasing employment opportunities for local residentes. Support and promote the local culture and customs. Contribiute to prevent the exploitation of children in tourism. Foment activities where the tourist interact with the local people. Operate safe trips for the natural envaironment and the tourism. Support local communities and organization. Work with suppliers that share the same social responsibility. Avoid activities which exploit flora and fauna such as diving with dolphins. Reduce energy consumption. Recycle as much as possible. Agrements with establishments and hotels that implement eco-friendly techniques and green practices. Another success example of the eco-tourism strategies in the destination are related to the hotels and resorts which are implementing several eco-friendly and green techniques such as: Intercontinental chain that asks to its customers to conserve water by reusing towels and limiting the number of times the linens are changed. Barcelà ³ chain is adopting many local plants that thrive in arid Baja in its landscaping an stead of grass that require daily irrigation. Nh-hotels has introduced for its customers the leastest technology in room functions, controlled by LCD where the air condition turns off when the patio door is open. Riu Hotels has finished its remodeling project replacing the baths with walking showers. Hilton Los Cabos is changing its wedding concept, offering to its customers a new phenomenon called green wedding. This package offers to brides and grooms a lot of alternatives adding green elements into their destination wedding. Based on the nature of the destination and the natural beauty of the surrounding environment, couples can choose an outdoor wedding area offered by the Hilton Los Cabos like lagoons, seaside gazebos, white sand beach, therefore reducing their energy used by having the wedding during the day. Dining service will include organic items such as organic tequila, domestic wines and organic cakes. End the celebration with eco-friendly fireworks that produce less smoke than the regulars and reduce the number of toxic metals that commonly left in the water. 3.0 Conclusion 3.1 Summary the importance of Eco-Tourism in destinations The Eco-tourism presence in natural destinations is becaming more and more importante for the sustainability of the destination. Eco-tourism main function is develop awarenesses between local people and tourist regarding the importance of the preservation and conservation of the natural environment as well local culture. As was discused above, Cabo San Lucas with the impact of the Eco-tourism is becaming as a green destination with several Eco-friendly iniciatives form the hospitality supplieres such as hotels and tour operators. Customer are willing to pay more for accommodation that promote green activities, and Hilton hotel can not be a better example of this transformation, which is offering to its clients green weddings introducing to the market a vast of green items such as out door facilities, organic dinner, organic cake and low smoke fireworks. All those elements have by objective the reduction of the negative impact in the destination. Another positive impac that eco-tourism bring to the natural destination is related to the economic aspect.Cabo San Luas has been growing rapidly in the past 10 years with mega constructions projects such as resorts, shoping malls, hospitals, speedway, international airport amplification that drive to the destination the international brand business such as Wallmart, Mc. Donalds, Hooters, burguer King and starbucks which increase and improve the laboral condition with several available positions. As was mentioned before, the destination has a significant international influx form Americans and Canadeans and it is semeed through the biggest tour operatior that bring tourism to the destination like is Apple Vacations, Olympus tours, The Mark Travel Corporation, Thomas Cook among others which are incentive and promote in Cabo San Lucas the Eco-tourism as an alternative way of travel. Today, there are Green Laws of preservation, which are making people aware of how humans and the environment can cohexist beneficially for more time to come and Eco-tourism is one way to maximize the environmental and social benefits of tourism, without exclude the economic developments having by objective the sustainability of the culture and environment. 3.2Recommendation to overcome emerging issues in Cabo San Lucas The Eco-tourism strategies that Cabo San Lucas is applying to contribuite with the sustainability of the destination are a code of ethics for visitors and tourism operators and a guide for environmental tourism practice which ones had been showed evidence that are working very well. However there is opportunity to improve, there are many things that have gone unobserved by the autorities. There is a need for altering the landowners act as it has caused many conflicts. The local landowners should be guaranteed with the insurance policies so that they can support the tourism activities that help in sustaining the resources. Department dealing with allotting areas and granting permission should frame uniform policies so that recreational providers dont get confused while asking for permission. It is believed that most of the tourists dont respect the local culture and also the local people. Tourists should be told to respect the local crowd and local culture. There is need for proper management in Cabo San Lucas and also the tourists should be allowed only during the certain seasons for activities like while watching and other watersports. Authorities need to work and implement aggressive marketing policies for the the destination as well foment activities where the new local generation get involve with the culture and preserve the sustainability of this one. 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Blus Hanging by Lois-Ann Yamanaka Essay -- Book Reviews Lois Ann Yama

Blu's Hanging by Lois-Ann Yamanaka Blu's Hanging by Lois-Ann Yamanaka tells a sad and realistic story of the Ogata family. With the absence of a mother and an uncaring father, the three children, Ivah, Blu, and Maisie, face insurmountable obstacles. Furthermore, various outside forces, such as sexual violence, poverty, and racism, make it even harder for them to cope with the harsh society. In spite of these hardships, it is the mother's invisible presence that keeps the three children together and guides them, although it also contributes to the unintended indifference of father, and the children's vulnerability of societal attacks. Eleanor, "the mother", is often presented in the story even though she is dead, in terms of her ideas and family's memory of her. The children's effort to include their mother in family events and not forgetting what she has said to them show how naturally they think of their mother's existence with them. When Poppy asks "O-kay, who's first?" (98) on a Christmas day for gift exchange, Blu says "You and Mama" (98), as if his mother is still there with him. The children do not forget to visit Mama's grave on special occasions, such as mother's day. These rituals regarding their mother indicate the presence of her in the family. Poppy's longing for Eleanor is also demonstrated when he frequently sings the song "Moon River" throughout the novel, and tells Ivah that "your Bradda's voice-thass your Mama singing right out his throat" (140). The lyrical content of the song "Moon River" shows how much he misses her, and finding mother's resemblance in Blu's voice shows that Poppy has n ot forgotten about her. The family remembers her, and will not forget her, which keeps her alive in the n... ...ides to "walk back ... stay there till I fix what I did wrong the first time ... take my sulfones too with Eleanor" (258), and leaves with Ka-san, a representation of Eleanor. This ending also shows the contradicting effects of the mother's invisible, yet existing characteristic, illustrating how Poppy was unable to let go of Eleanor, but the children were able to do so. This result is understandable since Poppy is the one who spent more time with Eleanor and the children are used to having her only spiritually. In Blu's Hanging by Yamanaka, the absence of mother leads to two opposing outcomes in the family: Poppy's downfall, the children's vulnerability to societal attacks, and at the same time a force to bond the family members together and guide the children to the right direction. Works Cited: Yamanaka, Lois-Ann. Blu's Hanging. New York: Avon, 1997.